CentOS升级Python2.7及安装pip

1. ==编译安装python==
   > Centos6自带的python版本过低,yum无法安装2.7版本的python,需要自行编译。

yum install zlib zlib-devel -y #安装setuptools需要,编译python前安装,否则需要重新编译.
yum install openssl openssl-devel -y #安装pip需要.
yum install bzip2 bzip2-devel -y
wget  --no-check-certificate https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.8/Python-2.7.8.tgz
tar -zxvf Python-2.7.8.tgz
cd Python-2.7.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/py-2.7.8
make all
make install
make distclean
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
ln -s /usr/local/py-2.7.8/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python
# yum不兼容Python2.7，需要指定为原版本
vi /usr/bin/yum
# 将"#!/usr/bin/python"改为"#!/usr/bin/python.bak"

1. ==安装setuptools==

wget https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/raw/bootstrap/ez_setup.py
python ez_setup.py --download-base http://pypi.douban.com/packages/source/s/setuptools/
# 环境变量
vi /etc/profile
# 添加如下内容：
PY_HOME=/usr/local/py-2.7.8
export PATH=$PY_HOME/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile  # 当前终端生效，reboot后才会完全生效
echo $PATH

1. ==安装pip==

easy_install pip -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple
# 配置pip为豆瓣源
mkdir ~/.pip  # ls或ll -a 查看隐藏内容
vi ~/.pip/pip.conf
# 添加如下内容：
[global]
index-url = https://pypi.douban.com/simple

1. ==安装模块==

pip install MySQL-python

安装mysql-python报错:
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe2 in position 65: ordinal not in range(128)
解决:
yum install mysql-devel.x86_64 python-devel

如果pip的方式安装不了可以直接在网站下载源码安装:

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/MySQL-python
python setup.py build
python setup.py install

测试：

>>>import MySQLdb